Skip to content

Dutch grammar · A2

Dutch inversion: vandaag werk ik.

With inversion the verb comes before the subject. That happens in questions: Werk jij? Waar woon jij? It also happens when the sentence starts with a time or place: Vandaag werk ik. If jij comes after the verb, the -t drops.

A normal Dutch sentence starts with the subject, then the verb: Ik werk vandaag (I work today). The subject is who or what does something. With inversion you swap the two: Werk ik vandaag? (Do I work today?) The verb then comes before the subject.

Yes/no questions

For a question you answer with yes or no, put the verb at the front. The subject comes next.

StatementQuestionEnglish
Jij bent moe.Ben jij moe?Are you tired?
Hij woont in Rotterdam.Woont hij in Rotterdam?Does he live in Rotterdam?
U heeft een paspoort.Heeft u een paspoort?Do you have a passport?

Questions with a question word

Some questions start with a question word: wat (what), waar (where), wanneer (when) or hoe (how). That word takes position 1. The verb stays in position 2. The subject moves to position 3.

Position 1Position 2 (verb)Position 3 (subject)
Watdoejij?
Waarwoontu?
Wanneerkomthij?
Hoeheetzij?

Starting with a time or place

The verb wants to be in position 2. So when you start with a time (vandaag, morgen) or a place (hier, in de tuin), the subject moves to position 3.

NormalWith inversionEnglish
Ik werk vandaag.Vandaag werk ik.Today I work.
Mijn zus woont hier.Hier woont mijn zus.My sister lives here.
Het kind speelt in de tuin.In de tuin speelt het kind.The child plays in the garden.

Watch out: jij and the -t

With jij the verb normally takes a -t: jij werkt, jij komt. When jij comes after the verb, that -t drops. With u, hij and zij the -t stays.

Jij after the verb: no -t

  • Werk jij morgen?
  • Wat doe jij?
  • Morgen kom jij.

U, hij, zij: the -t stays

  • Werkt u morgen?
  • Wat doet hij?
  • Morgen komt zij.

Practise: build the sentence with inversion

20 sentences. Put the words in the right order. Sometimes the first word is already in place. After every answer you see straight away why.

Put the words in the right order.

  1. 1.

    de man · de krant · leest ?

  2. 2.

    Vandaag · op kantoor · werk · ik

  3. 3.

    vandaag · werk · jij ?

  4. 4.

    Hier · mijn zus · woont

  5. 5.

    Hoe · u · heet

  6. 6.

    een paspoort · u · heeft ?

  7. 7.

    Morgen · naar Utrecht · gaat · de bus

  8. 8.

    jij · slaap · lekker ?

  9. 9.

    In de tuin · het kind · speelt

  10. 10.

    Waar · u · woont

  11. 11.

    de sleutel · zoek · jij ?

  12. 12.

    Op tafel · de koffie · staat

  13. 13.

    Wat · jij · doe

  14. 14.

    bakt · brood · de bakker ?

  15. 15.

    Beneden · de keuken · is

  16. 16.

    Straks · ik · bel · de dokter

  17. 17.

    jij · kom · morgen ?

  18. 18.

    Hoe · het · gaat

  19. 19.

    Gisteren · ik · ziek · was

  20. 20.

    Wanneer · hij · komt

You see the answers and explanations when you do the questions.

Questions about Dutch inversion

What is inversion in Dutch?

With inversion the verb comes before the subject. You use it in questions. You also use it when a sentence starts with something other than the subject, such as a time or a place.

Why is it "werk jij" and not "werkt jij"?

When jij comes after the verb, the -t drops. So jij werkt becomes werk jij. With u, hij and zij the -t stays: werkt u, werkt hij.

Is the verb always in second place?

In a normal sentence and in a question with a question word, yes. In a yes/no question the verb comes first. In a subordinate clause, for example after omdat (because), the verb goes to the end.

Does inversion matter for the inburgering exam?

Yes, mainly in Speaking and Writing. You ask questions and often start a sentence with a time: Morgen ga ik naar de dokter. The examiner checks whether your word order is right.

Inburgerings
cursus.nl

Practise more with Inburgeringscursus.nl

This explanation and these questions are made by the team behind Inburgeringscursus.nl, an online course for the inburgering exam. Want to practise more than you can here? Then the course is the next step.

  • Hundreds of practice questions per rule, in rounds.
  • You see which rules you still find hard.
  • All the practice exams too, with feedback on writing and speaking.

The course is paid. The grammar on this site stays free.

See the course

Inburgeringsexamen.nl is the free guide of Inburgeringscursus.nl.