Zou and zouden are forms of the verb zullen. Here they do not talk about the future. They make a sentence careful, or about something that is not real. The full verb goes at the end, such as komen or helpen. This full form is called the infinitive. In Dutch grammar this is the voorwaardelijke wijs.
The form: zou plus the full verb
With one person you say zou. With more than one you say zouden. With jij it is also zou, without a -t. The full verb goes at the end of the sentence.
| Subject | Zou | Example |
|---|---|---|
| ik, jij, u, hij, zij | zou | Ik zou graag komen. (I would like to come.) |
| wij, jullie, zij | zouden | Wij zouden graag komen. (We would like to come.) |
Something that is not real
Say you are not rich. You still want to say what you would do if you were. Put the als part in the simple past. Put zou or zouden plus the full verb in the other part. Here the past form does not mean the past. It shows that the situation is not real.
Really possible
- Als ik tijd heb, kom ik. (If I have time, I will come.)
- Maybe you will have time. Then you will come.
- After als: the present tense.
Not real
- Als ik tijd had, zou ik komen. (If I had time, I would come.)
- You have no time now. So you will not come.
- After als: the simple past. Then zou.
| The als part | The zou part | English |
|---|---|---|
| Als ik rijk was, | zou ik een huis kopen. | If I were rich, I would buy a house. |
| Als ik meer tijd had, | zou ik vaker sporten. | If I had more time, I would exercise more. |
| Als hij hier woonde, | zouden we elkaar vaker zien. | If he lived here, we would see each other more. |
| Als ik beter kon tekenen, | zou ik kunst studeren. | If I could draw better, I would study art. |
Polite requests and advice
Zou makes a question or a wish softer. You often use it with willen, kunnen or moeten. That verb then goes at the end. A few fixed sentences cover most situations.
| What for? | Sentence | English |
|---|---|---|
| A polite wish | Ik zou graag een afspraak willen maken. | I would like to make an appointment. |
| A polite request | Zou u mij kunnen helpen? | Could you help me? |
| Giving advice | Je zou een dokter moeten bellen. | You should call a doctor. |
| Saying something carefully | Dat zou kunnen. | That could be. |